Theophylline Drug Handout

What is Theophylline?

Theophylline is a medication closely related to caffeine. It relaxes the muscles in the airways (bronchodilator), increases the strength of the muscles involved with breathing, and improves how well mucus and debris are removed from the lungs.

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Uses/Indications

Chronic bronchitis and other airway diseases in dogs
Feline asthma and bronchitis
Increases heart rate in cases of sick sinus syndrome and heart block
Decreases the risk for collapse in cases of vasovagal or tussive syncope (fainting)

Adverse Effects

Please contact CVCA should any of these symptoms be noted

Caffeine like side effects (anxiety, restlessness, panting)
Decreased appetite, vomiting or diarrhea
Increased heart rate and risk for arrhythmias
Small increased risk for seizures in patients with preexisting epilepsy

Client Information

Best if given with food to avoid stomach upset
Comes in tablet form and liquid suspension
Very commonly used in conjunction with cardiac medications
Does not require any specific monitoring

Interactions with Other Drugs

Enrofloxacin, cimetidine, and clindamycin may increase blood levels increasing risk for side effects
Phenobarbital and ketoconazole may decrease blood levels lowering efficacy
The doctors at CVCA have taken this into account, however, please feel free to contact CVCA regarding any concurrent medications your pet may be prescribed

Standard Dosage Forms

Theophylline Tablets – 100mg, 200mg, 300mg
Theophylline Oral Liquid – 85mg/15ml

Synonyms: (Theophylline ER, Theo-dur, Slo-Bid)